Deep Clustering: Papers and Resources

This repository is a curated reading list for deep clustering and closely related clustering methods. It is designed as a lightweight entry point for researchers who want a broad view of the area, representative papers, and public codebases when available.

Highlights

• [2024.08] Our survey paper, A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Clustering: Taxonomy, Challenges, and Future Directions, has been accepted by ACM Computing Surveys.
• [2022.06] We released a new survey paper based on this repository and would be happy to hear any feedback or discussion.

Scope

This repository intentionally has a relatively broad scope. In addition to canonical deep clustering papers, it may also include related work on multi-view clustering, graph clustering, subspace clustering, fairness, optimal transport, and application-driven clustering when they are useful to the deep clustering community.

Contents

• Survey Papers
• General Deep Clustering
• Multi-view Clustering
• Special Settings
• Data-specific and Application-specific Clustering

Survey Papers

Survey Paper	Conference
:triangular_flag_on_post: A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Clustering: Taxonomy, Challenges, and Future Directions	ACM Computing Surveys
Deep Clustering: A Comprehensive Survey	IEEE TNNLS 2024
A Survey of Clustering With Deep Learning: From the Perspective of Network Architecture	IEEE ACCESS 2018
Clustering with Deep Learning: Taxonomy and New Methods	arXiv 2018
Unsupervised clustering for deep learning: A tutorial survey	APH 2018

General Deep Clustering

Core and Related Methods

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Deep categorical clustering via symbolization and masking mechanisms	SAMM	Pattern Recognition 2025	-
Learning from Sample Stability for Deep Clustering	LFSS	ICML 2025	Pytorch
Deep Online Probability Aggregation Clustering	DPAC	ECCV 2024	Pytorch
Double-Bounded Optimal Transport for Advanced Clustering and Classification	DB-OT	AAAI 2024	-
Enhancing Ensemble Clustering with Adaptive High-Order Topological Weights	AWEC	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Interactive Deep Clustering via Value Mining	IDC	NeurIPS 2024	Official
Interpretable Deep Clustering for Tabular Data	IDC	ICML 2024	To be released
Low-Distortion Clustering with Ordinal and Limited Cardinal Information	-	AAAI 2024	-
SEC: More Accurate Clustering Algorithm via Structural Entropy	SEC	AAAI 2024	-
Upper Bounding Barlow Twins: A Novel Filter for Multi-Relational Clustering	BTGF	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
DivClust: Controlling Diversity in Deep Clustering	DivClust	CVPR 2023	Pytorch
Stable Cluster Discrimination for Deep Clustering	SeCu	ICCV 2023	Pytorch
Deep Clustering With Consensus Representations	DECCS	ICDM 2022	Pytorch
Discriminative Similarity for Data Clustering	CDS	ICLR 2022	-
Deep Clustering with Self-supervision using Pairwise Data Similarities	DCSS	TechRxiv 2021	Pytorch
Deep Descriptive Clustering	DDC	IJCAI 2021	-
Deep Fusion Clustering Network	DFCN	AAAI 2021	Pytorch
Details (Don't) Matter: Isolating Cluster Information in Deep Embedded Spaces	ACe/DeC	IJCAI 2021	Pytorch
Double Low-rank Representation with Projection Distance Penalty for Clustering	DLRRPD	CVPR 2021	Matlab
Learning Statistical Representation with Joint Deep Embedded Clustering	StatDEC	arXiv 2021	-
Learning the Precise Feature for Cluster Assignment	-	IEEE Trans Cybern 2021	TensorFlow
Nearest Neighbor Matching for Deep Clustering	NNM	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
Unsupervised Feature Learning by Cross-Level Instance-Group Discrimination	CLD	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
You Never Cluster Alone	TCC	NeurIPS 2021	-
Adversarial Deep Embedded Clustering: on a better trade-off between Feature Randomness and Feature Drift	ADEC	TKDE 2020	-
Cross multi-type objects clustering in attributed heterogeneous information network	CMOC-AHIN	KBS 2020	-
Deep clustering: On the link between discriminative models and K-means	SoftK-means	TPAMI 2020	Theano
Deep Transformation-Invariant Clustering	DTI	NeurIPS 2020	Pytorch
Hierarchically Clustered Representation Learning	HCRL	AAAI 2020	-
Improving k-Means Clustering Performance with Disentangled Internal Representations	Annealing SNNL	IJCNN 2020	Pytorch
Learning to Cluster under Domain Shift	ACIDS	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
MPCC: Matching Priors and Conditionals for Clustering	MPCC	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
N2D: (Not Too) Deep Clustering via Clustering the Local Manifold of an Autoencoded Embedding	N2D	ICPR 2020	TensorFlow
Online Deep Clustering for Unsupervised Representation Learning	ODC	CVPR 2020	Pytorch
Schain-iram: An efficient and effective semi-supervised clustering algorithm for attributed heterogeneous information networks	SCHAIN-IRAM	TKDE 2020	-
Structural Deep Clustering Network	SDCN	WWW 2020	Pytorch
Unsupervised Clustering using Pseudo-semi-supervised Learning	Kingdra	ICLR 2020	Keras
Adaptive Self-paced Deep Clustering with Data Augmentation	ASPC-DA	TKDE 2019	TensorFlow
ClusterSLAM: A SLAM Backend for Simultaneous Rigid Body	ClusterSLAM	ICCV 2019	-
Optimal Sampling and Clustering in the Stochastic Block Model	-	NeurIPS 2019	Python
Clustering-driven Deep Embedding with Pairwise Constraints	CPAC	arXiv 2018	Pytorch
Deep Continuous Clustering	DCC	arXiv 2018	Pytorch
Deep Embedded Clustering with Data Augmentation	DEC-DA	ACML 2018	TensorFlow
Deep Discriminative Latent Space for Clustering	-	NeurIPS 2017	-
Improved Deep Embedded Clustering with Local Structure Preservation	IDEC	IJCAI 2017	Keras Pytorch
Learning Discrete Representations via Information Maximizing Self-Augmented Training	IMSAT	ICML 2017	Python
Semi-supervised clustering in attributed heterogeneous information networks	SCHAIN	WWW 2017	MATLAB
Towards K-means-friendly Spaces: Simultaneous Deep Learning and Clustering	DCN	ICML 2017	Theano
Unsupervised Multi-Manifold Clustering by Learning Deep Representation	DMC	AAAI 2017 Workshop	-
Unsupervised Deep Embedding for Clustering Analysis	DEC	ICML 2016	Caffe TensorFlow
Deep Embedding Network for Clustering	DEN	ICPR 2014	-
Auto-encoder Based Data Clustering	ABDC	CIARP 2013	Pytorch

Autoencoder and Generative Methods

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
ClusterDDPM: An EM clustering framework with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models	ClusterDDPM	Information Sciences 2025	-
Deep Generative Clustering with Multimodal Diffusion Variational Autoencoders	CMVAE	ICLR 2024	To be released
The DipEncoder: Enforcing Multimodality in Autoencoders	DipEncoder	KDD 2022	Pytorch
Contrastive Fine-grained Class Clustering via Generative Adversarial Networks	C3-GAN	ICLR 2022	Pytorch
Neural generative model for clustering by separating particularity and commonality	DGC	Information Sciences 2022	-
Top-Down Deep Clustering with Multi-generator GANs	HC-MGAN	AAAI 2022	Pytorch
A Decoder-Free Variational Deep Embedding for Unsupervised Clustering	DFVC	TNNLS 2021	-
Cluster-wise Hierarchical Generative Model for Deep Amortized Clustering	CHiGac	CVPR 2021	-
Variational Deep Embedding Clustering by Augmented Mutual Information Maximization	VCAMI	ICPR 2021	-
Deep Clustering with a Dynamic Autoencoder: From Reconstruction Towards Centroids Construction	DynAE	Neural Networks 2020	TensorFlow
Unsupervised clustering through gaussian mixture variational autoencoder with non-reparameterized variational inference and std annealing	NVISA	IJCNN 2020	-
A Deep Clustering Algorithm based on Gaussian Mixture Model	-	JPCS 2019	-
Balanced Self-Paced Learning for Generative Adversarial Clustering Network	ClusterGAN	CVPR 2019	-
ClusterGAN: Latent Space Clustering in Generative Adversarial Networks	ClusterGAN	AAAI 2019	TensorFlow
Clustering Meets Implicit Generative Models	-	ICLR 2019 workshop	-
Learning Latent Superstructures in Variational Autoencoders for Deep Multidimensional Clustering	LTVAE	ICLR 2019	Pytorch
Deep Clustering with Convolutional Autoencoders	DCEC	ICONIP 2018	Keras
Mixture of GANs for Clustering	-	IJCAI 2018	-
Deep Clustering via Joint Convolutional Autoencoder Embedding and Relative Entropy Minimization	DEPICT	ICCV 2017	Theano
Deep Unsupervised Clustering using Mixture of Autoencoders	MIXAE	arXiv 2017	-
Deep Unsupervised Clustering With Gaussian Mixture Variational AutoEncoders	GMVAE	ICLR 2017	Lua
Is Simple Better?: Revisiting Simple Generative Models for Unsupervised Clustering	-	NeurIPS 2017 Workshop	Pytorch
Variational Deep Embedding: An Unsupervised and Generative Approach to Clustering	VaDE	IJCAI 2017	Keras

Contrastive and Self-Supervised Methods

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Class-aware contrastive learning for radio signal generalized category discovery	CACL	Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2026	-
Semantic clustering under resource constraints via Bayesian low-rank adaptation	-	Neural Networks 2026	-
Contrastive and Non-Contrastive Strategies for Federated Self-Supervised Representation Learning and Deep Clustering	-	IEEE JSTSP 2024	-
Dual Mutual Information Constraints for Discriminative Clustering	DMICC	AAAI 2023	Pytorch
C3: Cross-instance guided Contrastive Clustering	C3	Arxiv 2022	Pytorch
Generalised Mutual Information for Discriminative Clustering	GEMINI	NeurIPS 2022	-
Learning Representation for Clustering via Prototype Scattering and Positive Sampling	ProPos	TPAMI 2022	Pytorch
Locally Normalized Soft Contrastive Clustering for Compact Clusters	LNSCC	IJCAI 2022	-
Cluster Analysis with Deep Embeddings and Contrastive Learning	-	arXiv 2021	-
Clustering-friendly Representation Learning via Instance Discrimination and Feature Decorrelation	IDFD	ICLR 2021	Pytorch
Contrastive Clustering	CC	AAAI 2021	Pytorch
Deep clustering by semantic contrastive learning	SCL	arXiv 2021	-
Doubly contrastive deep clustering	DCDC	arXiv 2021	Pytorch
Supporting Clustering with Contrastive Learning	SCCL	NAACL 2021	Pytorch
Deep Semantic Clustering by Partition Confidence Maximisation	PICA	CVPR 2020	Pytorch
Self-labelling via Simultaneous Clustering and Representation Learning	SeLa	ICLR 2020	Pytorch
Discriminative Clustering by Regularized Information Maximization	RIM	NeurIPS 2010	-

Subspace and Spectral Methods

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Deep Clustering Based on Sparse Kolmogorov-Arnold Network and Spectral Constraint	-	AAAI 2026	-
An Optimal Transport View for Subspace Clustering and Spectral Clustering	SFGWH	AAAI 2024	-
Deep Spectral Clustering via Joint Spectral Embedding and Kmeans	DSC	IEEE SMC 2024	-
Efficient Deep Embedded Subspace Clustering	EDESC	CVPR 2022	Pytorch
Learning a Self-Expressive Network for Subspace Clustering	SENet	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
LRSC: Learning Representations for Subspace Clustering	LRSC	AAAI 2021	-
Pseudo-Supervised Deep Subspace Clustering	PSSC	TIP 2021	TensorFlow
Deep Subspace Clustering with Data Augmentation	DSCwithDA	NeurIPS 2020	Pytorch
Multi-Scale Fusion Subspace Clustering Using Similarity Constraint	SC-MSFSC	CVPR 2020	-
Spectral Clustering via Ensemble Deep Autoencoder Learning (SC-EDAE)	SC-EDAE	PR 2020	-
Deep Spectral Clustering using Dual Autoencoder Network	-	ICCV 2019	Tensorflow
Is an Affine Constraint Needed for Affine Subspace Clustering?	-	ICCV 2019	-
Neural Collaborative Subspace Clustering	-	ICML 2019	-
Selective Sampling-based Scalable Sparse Subspace Clustering	S5C	NeurIPS 2019	MATLAB
Self-Supervised Convolutional Subspace Clustering Network	S^2ConvSCN	CVPR 2019	-
Deep adversarial subspace clustering	DASC	CVPR 2018	-
SpectralNet: Spectral Clustering Using Deep Neural Networks	SpectralNet	ICLR 2018	TensorFlow PyTorch
Cascade Subspace Clustering	CSC	AAAI 2017	-
Deep Subspace Clustering Networks	DSC-Nets	NeurIPS 2017	TensorFlow
Deep subspace clustering with sparsity prior	PARTY	IJCAI 2016	-

Multi-view Clustering

Complete Multi-view Clustering

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Asymmetric Multi-View Clustering with Hyperbolic Uncertainty Modeling	HAMC	ICML 2026	-
Learning Anchor in Dual Orthogonal Space for Fast Multi-view Clustering	DOSFMVC	CVPR 2026	-
Multi-Hierarchical Contrastive Spectral Fusion for Multi-View Clustering	MCSF	CVPR 2026	-
Hypergraph-Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Multi-View Clustering with Hyper-Laplacian Regularization	HOPER	NeurIPS 2025	-
SparseMVC: Probing Cross-view Sparsity Variations for Multi-view Clustering	SparseMVC	NeurIPS 2025	Official
Explainable K-means Neural Networks for Multi-view Clustering	EKNN	ICLR 2026	-
Multi-View Clustering with Granularity-Aware Pseudo Supervision	GAPS	AAAI 2026	-
Uncover Underlying Correspondence for Robust Multi-view Clustering	CorreGen	ICLR 2026	Pytorch
Unified and Efficient Multi-view Clustering from Probabilistic Perspective	UEMCP	ICLR 2026	-
Wasserstein-Aligned Hyperbolic Multi-View Clustering	WAH	AAAI 2026	-
Adaptive weighting-guided dual-level contrastive learning for multi-view clustering	AWDC-MVC	Knowledge-Based Systems 2025	-
Automatically Identify and Rectify: Robust Deep Contrastive Multi-view Clustering in Noisy Scenarios	AIRMVC	ICML 2025	Official
COPER: Correlation-based Permutations for Multi-View Clustering	COPER	ICLR 2025	Official
Deep Fair Multi-View Clustering with Attention KAN	DFMVC-AKAN	CVPR 2025	-
EASEMVC:Efficient Dual Selection Mechanism for Deep Multi-View Clustering	EASEMVC	CVPR 2025	-
Efficient Multi-view Clustering via Reinforcement Contrastive Learning	EMVCRCL	IJCAI 2025	-
Medusa: A Multi-Scale High-order Contrastive Dual-Diffusion Approach for Multi-View Clustering	Medusa	CVPR 2025	-
Multi-view Clustering via Multi-granularity Ensemble	MGE	IJCAI 2025	-
Robust Consensus Anchor Learning for Efficient Multi-view Subspace Clustering	-	ICML 2025	-
ROLL: Robust Noisy Pseudo-label Learning for Multi-View Clustering with Noisy Correspondence	ROLL	CVPR 2025	Official
Active Deep Multi-view Clustering	ADMC	IJCAI 2024	Pytorch
Adversarially Robust Deep Multi-View Clustering: A Novel Attack and Defense Framework	AR-DMVC	ICML 2024	To be released
Cross-View Diversity Embedded Consensus Learning for Multi-View Clustering	CCL-MVC	IJCAI 2024	-
Decoupled Contrastive Multi-View Clustering with High-Order Random Walks	DIVIDE	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Differentiable Information Bottleneck for Deterministic Multi-view Clustering	DIB	CVPR 2024	-
Discriminatively Fuzzy Multi-View K-means Clustering with Local Structure Preserving	DFMKLS	AAAI 2024	-
Evaluate then Cooperate: Shapley-based View Cooperation Enhancement for Multi-view Clustering	SCE-MVC	NeurIPS 2024	-
From Dictionary to Tensor: A Scalable Multi-View Subspace Clustering Framework with Triple Information Enhancement	STONE	NeurIPS 2024	-
Learn from View Correlation: An Anchor Enhancement Strategy for Multi-view Clustering	AEVC	CVPR 2024
Learning Cluster-Wise Anchors for Multi-View Clustering	CAMVC	AAAI 2024	Official
Multi-View Clustering by Inter-cluster Connectivity Guided Reward	-	ICML 2024	-
Robust Contrastive Multi-view Clustering against Dual Noisy Correspondence	CANDY	NeurIPS 2024	Pytorch
Self-supervised Weighted Information Bottleneck for Multi-view Clustering	SWIB	IJCAI 2024	-
Simple Contrastive Multi-View Clustering with Data-Level Fusion	-	IJCAI 2024	Code
Cross-view Topology Based Consistent and Complementary Information for Deep Multi-view Clustering	CTCC	ICCV 2023	-
Deep Multiview Clustering by Contrasting Cluster Assignments	CVCL	ICCV 2023	Pytorch
On the Effects of Self-supervision and Contrastive Alignment in Deep Multi-view Clustering	DeepMVC	CVPR 2023	Pytorch
Contrastive Multi-view Hyperbolic Hierarchical Clustering	CMHHC	IJCAI 2022	-
Deep Safe Multi-View Clustering: Reducing the Risk of Clustering Performance Degradation Caused by View Increase	DSMVC	CVPR 2022	-
Efficient Orthogonal Multi-view Subspace Clustering	OMSC	KDD 2022	MATLAB
Information Maximization Clustering via Multi-View Self-Labelling	IMC-SwAV	Knowledge-Based Systems 2022	Pytorch
MPC: Multi-View Probabilistic Clustering	MPC	CVPR 2022	-
Clustering by Maximizing Mutual Information Across Views	CRLC	ICCV 2021	-
One-pass Multi-view Clustering for Large-scale Data	OPMC	ICCV 2021	Matlab
Reconsidering Representation Alignment for Multi-view Clustering	SiMVC & CoMVC	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
Multi-View Clustering in Latent Embedding Space	MCLES	AAAI 2020	MATLAB
Reciprocal Multi-Layer Subspace Learning for Multi-View Clustering	RMSL	ICCV 2019	-

Incomplete, Unpaired, and Federated Multi-view Clustering

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Straight-Path Flow Matching for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	-	ECCV 2026	-
Information-Theoretic Disentangled Latent Modeling with Conditional Diffusion for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	IDCD	ICML 2026	-
Hypergraph-Based Unaligned Multi-View Clustering via Cluster-Aware Feature Extraction	-	KDD 2026	-
Incomplete Multi-View Clustering via Neighborhood-Conditioned Diffusion	-	ICML 2026	-
OPTION: Optimal Transport-Guided Flow Matching for Incomplete and Unaligned Multi-View Clustering	OPTION	ICML 2026	-
Anti-Degradation Lifelong Multi-View Clustering	ALMC	CVPR 2026	Official
Imbalanced View Contribution Evaluation and Refinement for Deep Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	ICER	CVPR 2026	Official
Generalized Deep Multi-view Clustering via Causal Learning with Partially Aligned Cross-view Correspondence	CauMVC	ICCV 2025	-
A Unified Framework to BRIDGE Complete and Incomplete Deep Multi-View Clustering under Non-IID Missing Patterns	BRIDGE	ICCV 2025	-
Deep Incomplete Multi-view Clustering with Distribution Dual-Consistency Recovery Guidance	BURG	ICCV 2025	-
Learning from Disjoint Views: A Contrastive Prototype Matching Network for Fully Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	CPMN	NeurIPS 2025	-
Incomplete Multi-view Clustering via Hierarchical Semantic Alignment and Cooperative Completion	HSACC	NeurIPS 2025	Official
AF-UMC: An Alignment-Free Fusion Framework for Unaligned Multi-View Clustering	AF-UMC	NeurIPS 2025	-
Gaussian Regression-Driven Tensorized Incomplete Multi-View Clustering with Dual Manifold Regularization	GUITAR	NeurIPS 2025	-
AdaptCMVC: Robust Adaption to Incremental Views in Continual Multi-view Clustering	AdaptCMVC	CVPR 2025	Official
Consensus-Guided Incomplete Multi-view Clustering via Cross-view Affinities Learning	CAL	IJCAI 2025	Pytorch
Dual Robust Unbiased Multi-View Clustering for Incomplete and Unpaired Information	DRUMVC	IJCAI 2025	-
Deep Streaming View Clustering	DSVC	ICML 2025	-
Efficient Federated Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	EFIMVC	ICML 2025	-
Fast Incomplete Multi-view Clustering by Flexible Anchor Learning	FIML	ICML 2025	-
Imputation-free and Alignment-free: Incomplete Multi-view Clustering Driven by Consensus Semantic Learning	FreeCSL	CVPR 2025	Official
Imputation-free Incomplete Multi-view Clustering via Knowledge Distillation	I2MVC	IJCAI 2025	-
PROTOCOL: Partial Optimal Transport-enhanced Contrastive Learning for Imbalanced Multi-view Clustering	PROTOCOL	ICML 2025	Official
Alleviate Anchor-Shift: Explore Blind Spots with Cross-View Reconstruction for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	-	NeurIPS 2024	-
Bridging Gaps: Federated Multi-View Clustering in Heterogeneous Hybrid Views	FMCSC	NeurIPS 2024	Code
Deep Variational Incomplete Multi-View Clustering: Exploring Shared Clustering Structures	DVIMC	AAAI 2024	-
Diffusion-based Missing-view Generation With the Application on Incomplete Multi-view Clustering	DMVG	ICML 2024	Pytorch
DVSAI: Diverse View-Shared Anchors Based Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	DVSAI	AAAI 2024	-
EDISON: Enhanced Dictionary-Induced Tensorized Incomplete Multi-View Clustering with Gaussian Error Rank Minimization	EDISON	ICML 2024	-
Efficient Federated Multi-View Clustering with Integrated Matrix Factorization and K-Means	FMVC-IMK	IJCAI 2024	-
Fast Unpaired Multi-view Clustering	FUMC	IJCAI 2024	-
Federated Multi-View Clustering via Tensor Factorization	TensorFMVC	IJCAI 2024	-
Incomplete Contrastive Multi-View Clustering with High-Confidence Guiding	ICMVC	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Low-Rank Kernel Tensor Learning for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	LRKT-IMVC	AAAI 2024	-
Partial Multi-View Clustering via Self-Supervised Network	PVC-SSN	AAAI 2024	-
Sample-Level Cross-View Similarity Learning for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	SCSL	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Towards Resource-friendly, Extensible and Stable Incomplete Multi-view Clustering	ToRES	ICML 2024	-
Investigating and Mitigating the Side Effects of Noisy Views for Self-Supervised Clustering Algorithms in Practical Multi-View Scenarios	MVCAN	CVPR 2024	Pytorch
Deep Incomplete Multi-view Clustering with Cross-view Partial Sample and Prototype Alignment	IMVC	CVPR 2023	-
Incomplete Multi-view Clustering via Prototype-based Imputation	ProImp	IJCAI 2023	Pytorch
Deep Safe Incomplete Multi-view Clustering: Theorem and Algorithm	DSIMVC	ICML 2022	Pytorch
Dual Contrastive Prediction for Incomplete Multi-view Representation Learning	DCP	TPAMI 2022	Pytorch
COMPLETER: Incomplete Multi-view Clustering via Contrastive Prediction	COMPLETER	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
CDIMC-net: Cognitive Deep Incomplete Multi-view Clustering Network	CDIMC-net	IJCAI 2020	-
Efficient and Effective Regularized Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	EE-IMVC	TPAMI 2020	-

Special Settings

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Dying Clusters Is All You Need - Deep Clustering With an Unknown Number of Clusters	UNSEEN	ICDMW 2024	-
Efficient Constrained K-center Clustering with Background Knowledge	ML-CL-k-Center	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Hard Regularization to Prevent Deep Online Clustering Collapse without Data Augmentation	-	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
P2OT: Progressive Partial Optimal Transport for Deep Imbalanced Clustering	P2OT	ICLR 2024	Pytorch
RPSC: Robust Pseudo-Labeling for Semantic Clustering	RPSC	AAAI 2024	-
Towards a Theoretical Understanding of Why Local Search Works for Clustering with Fair-Center Representation	-	AAAI 2024	-
Clustering with Fair-Center Representation: Parameterized Approximation Algorithms and Heuristics	-	KDD 2022	-
DeepDPM: Deep Clustering With an Unknown Number of Clusters	DeepDPM	CVPR 2022	Pytorch
Dip-based Deep Embedded Clustering with k-Estimation	DipDECK	KDD 2021	Pytorch
Deep Embedded Non-Redundant Clustering	ENRC	AAAI 2020	Pytorch
Adversarial Learning for Robust Deep Clustering	ALRDC	NeurIPS 2020	Keras
Deep Robust Clustering by Contrastive Learning	DRC	arXiv 2020	-
Deep Embedded Cluster Tree	DeepECT	ICDM 2019	-
Clustering with outlier removal	COR	TKDE 2019	-
Differentiable Deep Clustering with Cluster Size Constraints	-	arXiv 2019	-
Subspace Structure-aware Spectral Clustering for Robust Subspace Clustering	-	ICCV 2019	-
RDEC: Integrating Regularization into Deep Embedded Clustering for Imbalanced Datasets	RDEC	ACML 2018	-
Subspace Clustering using a Low-rank Constrained Autoencoder	LRAE	Information Science 2018	-
Robust continuous clustering	RCC	PNAS 2017	-

Data-specific and Application-specific Clustering

Graph Clustering

A dedicated graph-focused collection is also maintained in Deep Graph Clustering.

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
A Unified Framework for Deep Hypergraph Clustering Beyond Homophily	-	ICML 2026	-
A Unified Graph Clustering Network	-	WWW 2026	-
Cross-Contrastive Clustering for Multimodal Attributed Graphs with Dual Graph Filtering	DGF	KDD 2026	Official
Deep Multi-view Graph Clustering via Attribute-aware Bidirectional Structural Refinement and Pseudo-label Guided Multi-level Fusion	APGC	ICML 2026	-
FedCND: Federated Graph-Level Clustering under Inter-Client Cluster Number Discrepancy	FedCND	WWW 2026	-
From Representation to Clusters: A Contrastive Learning Approach for Attributed Hypergraph Clustering	-	WWW 2026	-
Structure-Semantic Synergized Deep Contrastive Graph Clustering	-	WWW 2026	-
Dynamic Deep Graph Learning for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering with Masked Graph Reconstruction Loss	DGIMVCM	AAAI 2026	-
Attribute-Missing Multi-view Graph Clustering	AMMGC	CVPR 2025	-
Enhanced then Progressive Fusion with View Graph for Multi-View Clustering	EPFMVC	CVPR 2025	-
Federated Incomplete Multi-view Clustering with Globally Fused Graph Guidance	FIMCFG	ICML 2025	Official
Graph Embedded Contrastive Learning for Multi-View Clustering	GMVC	IJCAI 2025	-
Multi-level contrastive learning with graph convolutional network for multi-view clustering	GCMVC	Expert Systems with Applications 2025	-
Multi-View Graph Clustering via Node-Guided Contrastive Encoding	NGCE	ICML 2025	Pytorch
Robust Graph Contrastive Learning for Incomplete Multi-view Clustering	RGCL	IJCAI 2025	Pytorch
Tensorial Multi-view Clustering with Deep Anchor Graph Projection	TMVC-DAGP	IJCAI 2025	-
A Non-parametric Graph Clustering Framework for Multi-View Data	NpGC	AAAI 2024	-
Adaptive Feature Imputation with Latent Graph for Deep Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	AGDIMC	AAAI 2024	-
Dynamic Weighted Graph Fusion for Deep Multi-View Clustering	DFMVC	IJCAI 2024	-
Embedded Feature Selection on Graph-Based Multi-View Clustering	EFSGMC	AAAI 2024	-
Integrating Vision-Language Semantic Graphs in Multi-View Clustering	IVSGMV	IJCAI 2024	-
SURER: Structure-Adaptive Unified Graph Neural Network for Multi-View Clustering	SURER	AAAI 2024	Code
Deep Multi-view Subspace Clustering with Anchor Graph	DMCAG	IJCAI 2023	-
Highly Confident Local Structure Based Consensus Graph Learning for Incomplete Multi-View Clustering	HCLS_CGL	CVPR 2023	-
Self-Supervised Graph Attention Networks for Deep Weighted Multi-View Clustering	SGDMC	AAAI 2023	-
Graph Debiased Contrastive Learning with Joint Representation Clustering	GDCL	IJCAI 2021	Pytorch
Multi-View Attribute Graph Convolution Networks for Clustering	MAGCN	IJCAI 2020	-
Unified Graph and Low-Rank Tensor Learning for Multi-View Clustering	UGLTL	AAAI 2020	-
Adversarial Graph Embedding for Ensemble Clustering	AGAE	IJCAI 2019	-
Attributed Graph Clustering: A Deep Attentional Embedding Approach	DAEGC	IJCAI 2019	-
Cluster-gcn: An efficient algorithm for training deep and large graph convolutional networks	Cluster-GCN	SIGKDD 2019	TensorFlow
Deep Clustering by Gaussian Mixture Variational Autoencoders with Graph Embedding	DGG	ICCV 2019	Pytorch
GEMSEC: Graph Embedding with Self Clustering	GEMSEC	ASONAM 2019	TensorFlow
Learning Deep Representations for Graph Clustering	-	AAAI 2014	Python

Image and Visual Recognition

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
CloSeR: Unified Relational Distillation from Closed-Set Teachers for Category Discovery	CloSeR	ECCV 2026	-
DP-BOA: Dirichlet-Process Birth-or-Assign for On-the-Fly Category Discovery	DP-BOA	ECCV 2026	-
Fourier Self-Supervision for Fine-Grained Generalized Category Discovery	FourEx	ECCV 2026	Official
HVGCD: Rethinking Generalized Category Discovery through Hypothesis-Verification	HVGCD	ECCV 2026	-
Virtual Category-Guided Continual Generalized Category Discovery	-	ECCV 2026	Official
MAGIC: Multi-Granularity Language-Informed Image Clustering	MAGIC	ICML 2026	-
On the Provable Importance of Gradients for Autonomous Language-Assisted Image Clustering	GradNorm	ICCV 2025	-
An Adaptor for Triggering Semi-Supervised Learning to Out-of-Box Serve Deep Image Clustering	ASD	IEEE TIP 2025	-
Grid Jigsaw Representation with CLIP: a new perspective on image clustering	pGJR	Multimedia Systems 2025	-
Image Clustering Conditioned on Text Criteria	IC|TC	ICLR 2024	Pytorch
Image Clustering via the Principle of Rate Reduction in the Age of Pretrained Models	CCP	ICLR 2024	Pytorch
Image Clustering with External Guidance	TAC	ICML 2024	Pytorch
Multi-Level Cross-Modal Alignment for Image Clustering	-	AAAI 2024	-
Semantic-Enhanced Image Clustering	SIC	AAAI 2023	-
Embedding Contrastive Unsupervised Features to Cluster In- and Out-of-distribution Noise in Corrupted Image Datasets	SNCF	ECCV 2022	Pytorch
Fine-Grained Fashion Representation Learning by Online Deep Clustering	MODC	ECCV 2022	-
On Mitigating Hard Clusters for Face Clustering	-	ECCV 2022	Pytorch
SPICE: Semantic Pseudo-labeling for Image Clustering	SPICE	TIP 2022	Pytorch
A new clustering method for the diagnosis of CoVID19 using medical images	IGSA	Applied Intelligence 2021	-
Clusformer: A Transformer Based Clustering Approach to Unsupervised Large-Scale Face and Visual Landmark Recognition	Clusformer	CVPR 2021	-
End-to-End Robust Joint Unsupervised Image Alignment and Clustering	Jim-Net	ICCV 2021	-
Image clustering using an augmented generative adversarial network and information maximization	-	TNNLS 2021	TensorFlow
Improving Unsupervised Image Clustering With Robust Learning	RUC	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
Jigsaw Clustering for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning	JigsawClustering	CVPR 2021	Pytorch
Learn to Cluster Faces via Pairwise Classification	-	ICCV 2021	-
Learning Hierarchical Graph Neural Networks for Image Clustering	Hi-LANDER	ICCV 2021	Pytorch
MiCE: Mixture of Contrastive Experts for Unsupervised Image Clustering	MiCE	ICLR 2021	Pytorch
Multi-Facet Clustering Variational Autoencoders	MFCVAE	NeurIPS 2021	Pytorch
Multi-VAE: Learning Disentangled View-common and View-peculiar Visual Representations for Multi-view Clustering	Multi-VAE	ICCV 2021	Pytorch
Refining Pseudo Labels with Clustering Consensus over Generations for Unsupervised Object Re-identification	RLCC	CVPR 2021	-
Adaptive Two-Dimensional Embedded Image Clustering	A2DEIC	AAAI 2020	-
Deep Image Clustering with Category-Style Representation	DCCS	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
DHOG: Deep Hierarchical Object Grouping	DHOG	arXiv 2020	-
GATCluster: Self-Supervised Gaussian-Attention Network for Image Clustering	GATCluster	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
Image Clustering via Deep Embedded Dimensionality Reduction and Probability-Based Triplet Loss	DERC	TIP 2020	-
Mitigating Embedding and Class Assignment Mismatch in Unsupervised Image Classification	TSUC	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
SCAN: Learning to Classify Images without Labels	SCAN	ECCV 2020	Pytorch
Un-Mix: Rethinking Image Mixture for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning	Un-Mix	arXiv 2020	Pytorch
Unsupervised Learning of Visual Features by Contrasting Cluster Assignments	SwAV	NeurIPS 2020	Pytorch
Variational Clustering: Leveraging Variational Autoencoders for Image Clustering	-	IJCNN 2020	-
Density-Aware Feature Embedding for Face Clustering	DA-Net	CVPR 2020	-
Learning to Cluster Faces via Confidence and Connectivity Estimation	LTC v2	CVPR 2020	Pytorch
A Hybrid Autoencoder Network for Unsupervised Image Clustering	BAE	Algorithms 2019	-
Deep Comprehensive Correlation Mining for Image Clustering	DCCM	ICCV 2019	Pytorch
Invariant Information Clustering for Unsupervised Image Classification and Segmentation	IIC	ICCV 2019	Pytorch
Learning to Cluster Faces on an Affinity Graph	LTC	CVPR 2019	Pytorch
Learning to Discover Novel Visual Categories via Deep Transfer Clustering	DTC	ICCV 2019	Pytorch
Linkage-based Face Clustering via Graph Convolution Network	L-GCN	CVPR 2019	Pytorch
Deep Clustering for Unsupervised Learning of Visual Features	DeepCluster	ECCV 2018	Pytorch
CNN-Based Joint Clustering and Representation Learning with Feature Drift Compensation for Large-Scale Image Data	-	TMM 2017	-
Deep Adaptive Image Clustering	DAC	ICCV 2017	Keras
Discriminatively Boosted Image Clustering with Fully Convolutional Auto-Encoders	DBC	arXiv 2017	-
Joint Unsupervised Learning of Deep Representations and Image Clusters	JULE	CVPR 2016	Torch

Text and Intent Discovery

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
CIDC: Cluster Identification-Guided Dual Correction for Robust Short Text Clustering	CIDC	WWW 2026	-
DUIC: User-descriptive intention guided clustering for personalized and understandable document partitions	DUIC	Information Processing & Management 2026	-
A Clustering Framework for Unsupervised and Semi-supervised New Intent Discovery	USNID	IEEE TKDE 2023	Pytorch
Deep Clustering of Text Representations for Supervision-Free Probing of Syntax	SyntDEC	AAAI 2022	-
A hybrid approach for text document clustering using Jaya optimization algorithm	HJO-DC	ESWA 2021	-
Discovering New Intents with Deep Aligned Clustering	DeepAligned	AAAI 2021	Pytorch
A text document clustering method based on weighted Bert model	-	ITNEC 2020	-
Discovering New Intents via Constrained Deep Adaptive Clustering with Cluster Refinement	CDAC+	AAAI 2020	Pytorch
Learning to cluster documents into workspaces using large scale activity logs	-	SIGKDD 2020	-
Text document clustering using spectral clustering algorithm with particle swarm optimization	SCPSO	ESWA 2019	Python

Time Series and Video

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Adaptive Prototypical Contrastive Learning for Time Series Clustering	APCL	KDD 2026	Official
Temporal Rate Reduction Clustering for Human Motion Segmentation	TR2C	ICCV 2025	Pytorch
Cross-Domain Contrastive Learning for Time Series Clustering	CDCC	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Inducing Clusters Deep Kernel Gaussian Process for Longitudinal Data	ICDKGP	AAAI 2024	Pytorch
Live and Learn: Continual Action Clustering with Incremental Views	CAC	AAAI 2024	-
GOCA: Guided Online Cluster Assignment for Self-supervised Video Representation Learning	GOCA	ECCV 2022	Pytorch
SLIC: Self-Supervised Learning With Iterative Clustering for Human Action Videos	SLIC	CVPR 2022	Pytorch
Unsupervised Action Segmentation by Joint Representation Learning and Online Clustering	-	CVPR 2022	-
Deep video action clustering via spatio-temporal feature learning	DVAC	Neurocomputing 2021	-
Multimodal Clustering Networks for Self-supervised Learning from Unlabeled Videos	MCN	ICCV 2021	Pytorch
Self-supervised learning by cross-modal audio-video clustering	XDC	NeurIPS 2020	Pytorch
Video Face Clustering with Unknown Number of Clusters	BCL	ICCV 2019	Pytorch
Deep Temporal Clustering : Fully Unsupervised Learning of Time-Domain Features	DTC	arXiv 2018	Keras

Bioinformatics and Single-cell Data

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Single-Cell Spatial Proteomics Clustering by Decoupling Spatiality and Expression	spClust	KDD 2026	-
Multi-View Hierarchical Alignment Learning for Spatial Transcriptomics	MHAL	CVPR 2026	-
A Deep Variational Approach to Clustering Survival Data	VaDeSC	ICLR 2022	TensorFlow
Iterative transfer learning with neural network for clustering and cell type classification in single-cell RNA-seq analysis	ItClust	Nature machine intelligence 2020	Keras
Clustering single-cell RNA-seq data with a model-based deep learning approach	scDeepCluster	Nature Machine Intelligence 2019	Keras

Other Applications

Paper	Method	Conference	Code
Sign prediction in sparse social networks using clustering and collaborative filtering	-	TJSC 2022	-
CCCF: Improving collaborative filtering via scalable user-item co-clustering	CCCF	WSDM 2016	-

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